Sunday, January 6, 2013

Maternal health of three major urban agglomerations/cities of Uttarakhand State of India


Maternal health of the three major urban agglomerations/cities of Uttarakhand State of India has been discussed here.  These are Dehradun, Haridwar and Nainital. The three major cities of Uttarakhand namely, Dehradun, Haridwar & Nainital are the major parts of the mentioned respective urban agglomerations.

DEHRADUN

Dehradun is the capital city of Uttarakhand state. As of 2011 Indian census provisional figures, the Dehradun district has a population of 16, 98,560 the second highest in Uttarakhand after Haridwar (19, 27,029). As per provisional reports of Census India, population of Dehradun in 2011 is 578,420;[ of which male and female are 303,411 and 275,009 respectively.

Based on the results of Annual Health Survey, 2010, the maternal health of urban Dehradun district is presented as below.           

Fertility
The Total Fertility Rate for Dehradun urban was estimated at 2.3 which is broadly equals mean number of children ever born to women age 15-49 years. The births of order 3 and above were reported by 20% only and women with 2 children and wanting no more child was as high as 90%. Further as high as 46% of births had interval of 36 months or more. The girls marrying below the legal age of 18 years were less than one percent.
About two thirds reported using any family planning method. The most common methods of family planning were female sterilization 19% and condom as 26%. The use of IUD was just more than 2% and pills 4%.  The traditional method was reported as being used by 15%. The total unmet need for family planning was 16%, 7% for spacing and 9% limiting.
Ante Natal Care
Though mothers receiving any ante natal check up were 96%, only 27% had full ANC. Around 51% of pregnant women received ANC from Government sources. Of various components of ANC, at least one TT received by 95%, BP taken 85%, blood examination for Hb 79%, underwent ultrasound 77%. Though 81% pregnant women received 3 or more ANCs, those who consumed IFA for 100 days or more was only 27%.
Delivery Care
About 78% of deliveries were conducted in institutions, of which 35% were in Government institutions. The home deliveries were only 21% of which 46% were conducted by skilled health personnel. Caesarian cases were as high as 53%, more than two thirds being conducted in private institutions.
In about 47% of the cases the stay in the hospital after delivery was less than 24 hours. About 88% mothers received post natal care and new born were also checked.
Importantly 27% of mothers availed financial assistance for deliveries. Those who delivered in Govt. Institutions, a higher percentage received financial assistance under JSY.

HARIDWAR

According to the 2011 census, Haridwar district has a population of 1,927,029,  This gives it a ranking of 244th in India (out of a total of 640).The district has a population density of 817 inhabitants per square kilometer (2,120 /sq mi) . Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 33.16 %.  As per provisional reports of Census India, population of Hardwar in 2011 is 225,235; of which male and female are 120,201 and 105,034 respectively. Although Hardwar city has population of 225,235; its urban / metropolitan population is 310,562 of which 165,667 are males and 144,895 are females. 

Based on the results of Annual Health Survey, 2010, the maternal health of urban Hardwar district is presented as below.             
Fertility
The Total Fertility Rate for Kota city was estimated at 2.6 which is broadly equals mean number of children ever born to women age 15-49 years. The births of order 3 and above were reported by 30% and women with 2 children and wanting no more child was as high as 82%. Further as high as 43% of births had interval of 36 months or more. The girls marrying below the legal age of 18 years were only 1%.
About 63% reported using any family planning method. The most common methods of family planning were female sterilization 12% and condom as 32%. The use of IUD was arround 1% and pills 5%.  The traditional method was reported as being used by 12.0%. The total unmet need for family planning was 21%, 10% for spacing and 11% limiting.
Ante Natal Care
Though mothers receiving any ante natal check up were 92%, only 15% had full ANC. Around 29% of pregnant women received ANC from Government sources. Of various components of ANC, at least one TT received by 90%, BP taken 66%, blood examination for Hb 59%, underwent ultrasound 67%. Though 75% pregnant women received 3 or more ANCs, those who consumed IFA for 100 days or more was only 17%.
Delivery Care
About 72% of deliveries were conducted in institutions, of which 15% were in Government institutions and rest in private institutions. The home deliveries were 26% of which 44% were conducted by skilled health personnel. Caesarian cases were as high as 45%, more than two thirds being conducted in private institutions.
In about one third of the cases the stay in the hospital after delivery was less than 24 hours. About 80% mothers received post natal care and new born were also checked.
Importantly 11% of mothers availed financial assistance for deliveries. Those who delivered in Govt. Institutions, a higher percentage received financial assistance under JSY.

NAINITAL

Nainital is a popular hill station in the Indian state of Uttarakhand and headquarters of Nainital district in the Kumaon foothills of the outer Himalayas.  According to the 2011 census Nainital district has a population of 955,128,  This gives it a ranking of 457th in India (out of a total of 640). The district has a population density of 225 inhabitants per square kilometre (580 /sq mi).Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 25.2 %. As of the 2001 Indian census, Nainital had a population of 38,559. Males constitute 54% of the population and females 46%.

Based on the results of Annual Health Survey, 2010, the maternal health of urban Nainital district is presented as below.             
Fertility

The Total Fertility Rate was estimated at 2.6 which is broadly equals mean number of children ever born to women age 15-49 years. The births of order 3 and above were reported by 30% only and women with 2 children and wanting no more child was as high as 67%. Further as high as 44% of births had interval of 36 months or more. The girls marrying below the legal age of 18 years were 1%.
About 62% reported using any family planning method. The most common methods of family planning were female sterilization 19% and condom as 28%. The use of IUD was 1% and pills 6%.  The traditional method was reported as being used by 6.2%. The total unmet need for family planning was 24%, 11% for spacing and 13% limiting.
Ante Natal Care

Though mothers receiving any ante natal check up were 94%, only 19% had full ANC. Around 77% of pregnant women received ANC from Government sources. Of various components of ANC, at least one TT received by 94%, BP taken 83%, blood examination for Hb 83%, underwent ultrasound 79%. Though 74% pregnant women received 3 or more ANCs, those who consumed IFA for 100 days or more was only 22%.
Delivery Care

About 67% of deliveries were conducted in institutions, of which 45% were in Government institutions and rest in private institutions. The home deliveries were only 33% of which 71% were conducted by skilled health personnel. Caesarian cases were as high as 67%, more than three fourth being conducted in private institutions.
In about 32% of the cases the stay in the hospital after delivery was less than 24 hours. About 72% mothers received post natal care and new born were also checked.
Importantly 30% of mothers availed financial assistance for deliveries. Those who delivered in Govt. Institutions, a higher percentage received financial assistance under JSY.

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