Child
Health of the three major cities of Odisha State of India namely Bhubaneshwar (Khordha
District), Cuttack, Berhampur Town (Ganjam District), have
been discussed here. The State government has proposed to include these six cities in
the Rajiv Awas Yojana (RAY) programme.
BHUBANESHWAR (KHORDHA DISTRICT)
There
is not even a single million plus city in Odisha. Bhubaneshwar Urban Agglomeration (UA) has the highest population. Bhubaneshwar is the capital city of
Odisha and is located in its Khordha
District. This district has the highest
urban population (over 48%). Bhubaneswar replaced Cuttack as the political capital of the state
of Orissa in 1948, a year after India gained its independence from Britain. Bhubaneswar is categorized as a Tier-2 city.
Bhubaneshwar
(temple city of India) ranks first in the state with the highest urban
population. The high rate of urbanization is attributed to its administrative,
trading, tourism based economic activities. An
emerging Information Technology (IT) hub, the boom in the metals and metal
processing industries have made Bhubaneswar one of the fastest developing
cities of India in recent years. Bhubaneshwar is one of the fastest
growing mega cities of the country.
As per provisional reports of Census
India, population of Bhubaneshwar UA is 881,988. The sex ratio of Bhubaneshwar UA /City is 883 per 1000 males, whereas Child sex ratio is 903 per
1000 boys.
Based on the results of Annual Health Survey, 2010, Child
health of urban Khordha district is
presented as below.
Child
Immunization
About
42% of children were fully immunized. Those who received Vitamin A dose were 62%.
Birth Weight
In 88% cases birth weight of the child
was taken and based on that 16% of children were low birth weight (<2.5Kg). About 81% of births were registered
and 61% had birth certificates.
Childhood Diseases
Children with diarrhea, Acute Respiratory
Infection and fever were reported as 7%, 22% and 22% respectively. Those who sought treatment for these were 88%.
Breast Feeding
Only
37% of children were exclusively breast feed.
Infant & Child
Mortality
The IMR was 69 per 1000 live births.
The Neo Natal Mortality Rate was high at 37 and Post Neo Natal at 32. Under 5
Child Mortality Rate was 87.
CUTTACK
Cuttack is the
headquarters of Cuttack district and is located about 28 km to the north east of Bhubaneswar.
Cuttack is situated strategically at the head of delta. Upland plain and
western Orissa cannot be accessed unless one goes through Cuttack. The city is
pressed in all three sides by river Mahanadi and Kathajodi and it can spread
only in southeast. As it is located in the apex of the Mahanadi delta, the
levees of these rivers are higher in elevation than the city core. The
urbanization of this district is about 28 percent and the same is attributed to
its trading in unique silver filigree works and textiles of woven and tourism based
economic activities.
Till now it is regarded as a commercial capital of Orissa. Cuttack Urban Agglomeration (UA) has the
second highest population. As per provisional reports of Census India,
population of Cuttack UA is 658,986. The sex ratio of Cuttack UA /City is 989 per 1000 males, whereas
Child sex ratio is 914 per 1000 boys.
Based on the results of Annual Health Survey, 2010, Child
health of urban Cuttack district is presented as below.
Child
Immunization
About
39% of children were fully immunized. Those who received Vitamin A dose were 60%.
Birth Weight
In 84% cases birth weight of the child
was taken and based on that 21% of children were low birth weight (<2.5Kg). About 86% of births were registered
and 59% had birth certificates.
Childhood Diseases
Children with diarrhea, Acute Respiratory
Infection and fever were reported as 9%, 15% and 26% respectively. Those who sought treatment for these were 91%.
Breast Feeding
Only
48% of children were exclusively breast feed.
Infant & Child
Mortality
The IMR was 37 per 1000 live births.
The Neo Natal Mortality Rate was high at 18 and Post Neo Natal at 19. Under 5
Child Mortality Rate was 48.
BRAHMAPUR
Brahmapur (earlier
known as Berhampur) nicknamed "The Silk City", is the
oldest city located in the eastern coastline of Ganjam district of the Indian state of Odisha, about 160 kilometres
south of the state capital, Bhubaneswar. Brahmapur is mainly a trading
centre for Southern Odisha having its influence over eight districts. It
is the fourth largest city of Odisha with population of 307792 in 2001.
The population as per 2011 census is 355,823. It has been declared as a
Class-I Town Category as per 2001 Census as well. The sex ratio of Brahmapur
city is 917 females per 1000 males. As per Census 2011, the child sex ratio is
898 per 1000 boys.
Based on the results of Annual Health
Survey, 2010, Child health of urban Ganjam
district is presented as below.
Child
Immunization
About 29% of children were fully
immunized. Those who received Vitamin A dose were 78%.
Birth
Weight
In 95% cases birth weight of the child
was taken and based on that 23% of children were low birth weight (<2.5Kg). About 95% of births were registered
and 76% had birth certificates.
Childhood
Diseases
Children with diarrhea, Acute Respiratory
Infection and fever were reported as 13%, 25% and 20% respectively. Those who sought treatment for these were
about 85%.
Breast
Feeding
Only 21% of children were exclusively
breast feed.
Infant
& Child Mortality
The IMR was 61 per 1000 live births.
The Neo Natal Mortality Rate was high at 38 and Post Neo Natal at 23. Under 5
Child Mortality was 93.
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