Maternal Health of four major urban agglomerations/cities of Jharkhand State of India

Maternal health of the four major urban agglomerations/cities of Jharkhand State of India has been discussed here.  These are Ranchi, Bokaro, Dhanbad and Jamshedpur. The four major cities of Jharkhand namely Ranchi, Bokaro, Dhanbad and Jamshedpur are the major parts of the mentioned respective urban agglomerations. The Urban Quadrangle, comprising Ranchi, Bokaro, Dhanbad and Jamshedpur have over half the ULB population in the state.

RANCHI

Ranchi is the capital city of Jharkhand state. Ranchi is one of the most urbanized districts of Jharkhand state. Out of the total Ranchi district population of 29, 12,022 (2011 census), 43.18 percent lives in urban regions of district. In total 1,257,340 people lives in urban areas of which males are 654,655 and females are 602,685.

As per census 2011, population of Ranchi city is 1,073,440, of which male and female are 559,031 and 514,409, respectively.

Based on the results of Annual Health Survey, 2010, the maternal health of urban Ranchi district is presented as below.

           

Fertility

The mean number of children ever born to women age 15-49 years was 2.8. The births of order 3 and above were reported by 30 percent only and women with 2 children and wanting no more child was as high as 80 percent. Further, as high as 37 percent of births had interval of 36 months or more.  The girls marrying below the legal age of 18 years were only 4 percent.

About 53 percent reported using any family planning method. The most common methods of family planning were female sterilization 27 percent and condoms as 8.5 percent. The use of IUD was just 2.3 and pills 4.8 percent.  The traditional method was reported as being used by 9.5 percent. The total unmet need for family planning was 26 percent, 12 percent each for spacing and 14 percent for limiting.

Ante Natal Care

Though mothers receiving any ante natal check up were 97 percent, only 13 percent had full ANC. Around 22 percent of pregnant women received ANC from Government sources. Of various components of ANC, at least one TT received by 96 percent, BP taken 88 percent, blood examination for Hb 71 percent, underwent ultrasound 50 percent. Though 83 percent pregnant women received 3 or more ANCs, those who consumed IFA for 100 days or more were only 15 percent.

Delivery Care

About 80 percent of deliveries in Ranchi were conducted in institutions, of which over 25 percent were in Government institutions. The home deliveries were only 20 percent of which 32 percent were conducted by skilled health personnel. Caesarian cases were as high as 48 percent of these about 70 percent being conducted in private institutions.

In about 37 percent of the cases the stay in the hospital after delivery was less than 24 hours. About 81 percent mothers received post natal care and in 79 percent new born were also checked.

Importantly, 13 percent of mothers availed financial assistance for deliveries under JSY and about 37 percent among those were who delivered at Govt. Institutions and got such benefits.

JAMSHEDPUR

Steel City of Jharkhand is the happening centre and pride of Jharkhand as well as India. Jamshedpur is the largest urban conglomeration and most populous city in the state of Jharkhand. Jamshedpur is the first planned industrial city of India, founded by the late Jamshedji Nusserwanji Tata. It is also known as Steel City, Tata Nagar or simply Tata. Jamshedpur is the headquarters of the East Singhbhum district of Jharkhand.  

As per census 2011 the population of urban Purbi Shinghbhum is about 12.72 lakhs. According to the 2011 census of India, the Jamshedpur has a population of 13, 37,131; the Jamshedpur urban agglomeration (UA), which includes the adjoining areas, Jamshedpur UA is the third Largest city in Eastern India after Kolkata and Patna. It ranks 36th among the 53 million-plus cities in India. It is located on the Chota Nagpur plateau and is surrounded by the picturesque Dalma Hills. The city is bordered by the rivers Subarnarekha and Kharkai on the north and west parts of the city.

Based on the results of Annual Health Survey, 2010, the maternal health of urban East Singhbhum district is presented as below.

      

Fertility

The mean number of children ever born to women age 15-49 years was 2.4. The births of order 3 and above were reported by 24 percent only and women with 2 children and wanting no more child was as high as 83 percent. Further as high as 43 percent of births had interval of 36 months or more.  The girls marrying below the legal age of 18 years were only 6 percent.

About 62 percent reported using any family planning method. The most common methods of family planning were female sterilization 30 percent and condoms as 10 percent. The use of IUD was just 2.3 percent and pills 6.0 percent. The traditional method was reported as being used by 13 percent. The total unmet need for family planning was 20 percent, 10 percent each for spacing and limiting.

Ante Natal Care

Though mothers receiving any ante natal check up were 96 percent, only 36 percent had full ANC. Around 21 percent of pregnant women received ANC from Government sources. Of various components of ANC, at least one TT received by 95 percent, BP taken 88 percent, blood examination for Hb 76 percent, underwent ultrasound 61 percent. Though 85 percent pregnant women received 3 or more ANCs, those who consumed IFA for 100 days or more were only 38 percent.

Delivery Care

About 79 percent of deliveries in Jamshedpur were conducted in institutions, of which over 19 percent were in Government institutions. The home deliveries were only 21 percent of which 27 percent were conducted by skilled health personnel. Caesarian cases were as high as 46 percent, of these about 70% being conducted in private institutions.

In about 29 percent of the cases the stay in the hospital after delivery was less than 24 hours. About 79 percent mothers received post natal care and in 76 percent cases new born were also checked.

Importantly, 10 percent of mothers availed financial assistance for deliveries under JSY and about 34 percent among those were who delivered at Govt. Institutions and got such benefits.

DHANBAD

Dhanbad is famous for coal mining. Coal mining, coal washing, and coke making are the main coal-related industries in the city.  The total urban population of Dhanbad is 15,59,416 persons. According to the 2011 census, Dhanbad is among the 53 cities of India with a population of more than one million and is the 42nd largest city. The total population of Dhanbad city is 1,161,561 persons.

Based on the results of Annual Health Survey, 2010, the maternal health of urban Dhanbad district is presented as below.             

Fertility

The mean number of children ever born to women age 15-49 years was 2.9. The births of order 3 and above were reported by 33 percent only and women with 2 children and wanting no more child was as high as 73%. Further as high as 37 percent of births had interval of 36 months or more.  The girls marrying below the legal age of 18 years were 15 percent.

About 62 percent reported using any family planning method. The most common methods of family planning were female sterilization 35 percent and condoms as 6 percent.  The use of IUD was just 1.0% and pills 6%.  The traditional method was reported as being used by 15%. The total unmet need for family planning was 18%, 11% each for spacing and 7% for limiting.

Ante Natal Care

Though mothers receiving any ante natal check up were 94%, only 22% had full ANC. Around 18% of pregnant women received ANC from Government sources. Of various components of ANC, at least one TT received by 93%, BP taken 78%, blood examination for Hb 49%, underwent ultrasound 34%. Though 73% pregnant women received 3 or more ANCs, those who consumed IFA for 100 days or more were only 23%.

Delivery Care

About 59% of deliveries in Dhanbad were conducted in institutions, of which 13% were in Government institutions. The home deliveries were only 40% of which 40% were conducted by skilled health personnel. Caesarian cases were as high as 39%, of these two thirds being conducted in private institutions.

In about 27% of the cases the stay in the hospital after delivery was less than 24 hours. About 78% mothers received post natal care and in 70% cases new born were also checked.

Importantly, 10% of mothers availed financial assistance for deliveries under JSY and about 37% among those were who delivered at Govt. Institutions and got such benefits.

BOKARO STEEL CITY

Bokaro Steel City is a major industrial city in the State of Jharkhand. It is the district headquarters of Bokaro which is one of the most industrialized zones. It is the home of the largest steel plant in India.

In 2011, Bokaro had population of 2,061,918 of which male and female were 1,076,270 and 985,648 respectively. Bokaro City has a total population of 413,934 persons. The Population density is 508 persons per square kilometer as compared to the Indian average of 324. This indicates the immensely overcrowded habitat condition in the city.

Based on the results of Annual Health Survey, 2010, the maternal health of urban Bokaro district is presented as below.             

Fertility

The mean number of children ever born to women age 15-49 years was 2.7. The births of order 3 and above were reported by 27% only and women with 2 children and wanting no more child was as high as 74%. Further as high as 37% of births had interval of 36 months or more.  The girls marrying below the legal age of 18 years were only 7%.

About 63% reported using any family planning method. The most common methods of family planning were female sterilization 39% and condoms as 6%. The use of IUD was just 1.7% and pills 3.6%.  The traditional method was reported as being used by 11%. The total unmet need for family planning was 16%, 10% for spacing and 6% for limiting.

Ante Natal Care

Though mothers receiving any ante natal check up were 97%, only 26% had full ANC. Around 13% of pregnant women received ANC from Government sources. Of various components of ANC, at least one TT received by 96%, BP taken 85%, blood examination for Hb 76%, underwent ultrasound 54%. Though 80% pregnant women received 3 or more ANCs, those who consumed IFA for 100 days or more were only 28%.

Delivery Care

About 70% of deliveries in Bokaro were conducted in institutions, of which over 16% were in Government institutions. The home deliveries were only 30% of which 26% were conducted by skilled health personnel. Caesarian cases were as high as 42%, of these about two thirds being conducted in private institutions.

In about 39% of the cases the stay in the hospital after delivery was less than 24 hours. About 87% mothers received post natal care and in 81% cases new born were also checked.

Importantly, 10% of mothers availed financial assistance for deliveries under JSY and about 26% among those were who delivered at Govt. Institutions and got such benefits.