Saturday, December 1, 2012

Common saying is that on the average females live longer than males. Is it true for all parts of India?


It is a universal truth observed that females out live the males in the world.  But the life difference varies from country to country; continent to continent. This should be true for India also. But it is not true in general.  How?  Please read below. 
Abridged life tables (2002-06) of Registrar General of India give the Expectation of Life by sex and residence for bigger states and All India.  The extract of the same as below:
Name of State
State
Rural
Urban

Males
Females
Difference
Males
Females
Difference
Males
Females
Difference
Andhra Pradesh
62.9
65.5
2.6
61.7
64.3
2.6
66.1
69.4
3.3
Assam
58.6
59.3
0.7
57.7
58.3
0.6
67.1
68.3
1.2
Bihar
62.2
60.4
-1.8
61.7
59.7
-2
66.7
68.3
1.6
Gujarat
62.9
65.2
2.3
61.7
63.7
2
65.3
68.4
3.1
Haryana
65.9
66.3
0.4
65.4
65.2
-0.2
67.4
70.7
3.3
Himachal Pradesh
66.5
67.3
0.8
66.4
67
0.6
67.5
70.8
3.3
Karnataka
63.6
67.1
3.5
61.8
65.6
3.8
68.1
70.5
2.4
Kerala
71.4
76.3
4.9
71.4
76.1
4.7
70.8
76.7
5.9
Madhya Pradesh
58.1
57.9
-0.2
56.7
56.3
-0.4
64.2
66
1.8
Maharastra
66
68.4
2.4
64
66.3
2.3
69.6
72.8
3.2
Orissa
59.5
59.6
0.1
58.8
58.8
0
64.3
67.7
3.4
Punjab
68.4
70.4
2
67.7
69.2
1.5
69.7
72.7
3
Rajasthan
61.5
62.3
0.8
60.4
60.7
0.3
66.7
67.2
0.5
Tamil Nadu
65
67.4
2.4
63.5
65.5
2
67.6
71.8
4.2
Uttar Pradesh
60.3
59.5
-0.8
59.7
58.5
-1.2
63.2
64.6
1.4
West Bengal
64.1
65.8
1.7
62.6
64.3
1.7
68.9
71.3
2.4
All India
62.6
64.2
1.6
61.2
62.7
1.5
67.1
70
2.9

It could be seen that the saying is true in case of India as a total and also for Urban India, but is not true for rural Bihar, rural Haryana, rural Madhya Pradesh as well as for rural Uttar Pradesh.  Combining together, one may say that in case of Indian states, exceptions are Bihar, Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh.  The differences in life span do vary from region to region; and state to state.
Kerala is the state with highest expectation of life at birth for both sexes and Madhya Pradesh is with lowest expectation of life at birth for both sexes.  For males the difference in expected life in these two states is 13.3 years, whereas for females the difference in expected life in these two states is 18.4 years.  The difference in rural as well as urban expected lives of males and females is also highest in case of Kerala state.  For India urban females live 2.9 years more than males, whereas rural females live 1.5 years more than males.

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