1 It is
significant that the percentage decadal growth during 2001-2011 has registered the
sharpest decline since independence. It declined from 23.87 percent for
1981-1991 to 21.54 percent for the period 1991-2001, a decrease of 2.33 percentage
point. For 2001-2011, this decadal growth was 17.64 percent i.e., a further decrease
of 3.90 percentage points.
2 The
combined growth rate of eight Empowered Action Group (EAG) States namely,
Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Bihar, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh,
Chhattisgarh and Orissa is compared with the rest of the States and Union
Territories. The EAG group, from 1951 till 2011, have hosted between forty
three to forty six percent of India’s population. Census 2011 marks a milestone
in the demographic history of the country, as it is perhaps for the first time,
there is a significant fall in growth rate of population in the EAG group of States.
3 The
phenomenon of low growth have started to spread beyond the boundaries of the
Southern States during 2001- 11, where in addition to Andhra Pradesh, Tamil
Nadu and Karnataka in the South, Himachal Pradesh and Punjab in the North, West
Bengal and Orissa in the East, and Maharashtra in the West have registered a
growth rate between eleven to sixteen percent in 2001-2011 over the previous
decade.
Sex
ratio is defined in the Census of India as the number of females per 1,000 males
in the population. The sex ratio of India is 940. The sex ratio at the National
level has risen by seven points since the last Census in 2001. This is the highest
since 1971. The sex ratio in India has been historically unfavorable to
females. Sex ratio reached its lowest in 1991 but since then has kept rising.
5 In
2001, the State of Kerala and the Union Territory of Puducherry reported above thousand
as sex ratio. Both these States have not only retained their status but have
also shown considerable increase in 2011. Also females outnumber males in Goa. A
point to be noted is that the States having historically low sex ratio such as
Punjab, Haryana, Delhi and Chandigarh have shown appreciable increase in the
sex ratio in Census 2011. Majority of the States identified as gender critical
for special attention and intervention as part of the Census 2011 have shown
increasing trend in the sex ratio. Only major States of Bihar and Jammu &
Kashmir and Gujarat have shown decline in the sex ratio. The other Union
Territories registering decline in overall sex ratio include Dadra and Nagar
Haveli, Daman and Diu and Lakshadweep.
6 The
population of India has increased by more than 181 million during the decade
2001-2011. 2001-2011 is the first decade (with the exception of 1911-1921),
which has actually added lesser population, compared to the previous decade. Population
(0-6 years) 2001-2011 registered -3.08 percent growths with - 2.42 for males
and -3.80 for females. Literacy rate has gone up from 64.83 per cent in 2001 to
74.04 per cent in 2011 showing an increase of 9.21 percentage points.
7 Total
absolute increase in population during the decade is 181.5 millions. Thane
district of Maharashtra is the most populated district of India. Dibang Valley
of Arunachal Pradesh is the least populated. Kurung Kumey of Arunachal Pradesh
registered highest population growth rate of 111.01 percent. Longleng district
of Nagaland registered negative population growth rate of (-)58.39.
8 Serchhip
district of Mizoram has highest literacy rate of 98.76 percent. Alirajpur of MP
is the least literate district of India with figure of 37.22 percent only. North
East Delhi has the highest density with figure of 37346 person per square
kilometer. Dibang Valley has the least density of 1 person per sq. km.
9 State
having highest population is Uttar Pradesh with population 199.6 Million and
which increased at the rate of 20% from 2001. Next state in order is
Maharashtra with population 112.4 Million and which increased at the rate of
15% since last census. Delhi is most densely populated with a density of 11297
per sq km (an increase of 21% from 2001).
Bihar is the most densely populated state with a density of 1102 per sq
km (an increase of 25% from 2001).
1 City
census 2011: The total population of Urban Agglomeration (UA) and the city’s
population in 2011 were calculated. All places which had a municipality, a
corporation, notified town area community or a cantonment board was known to
fall under the category of city or UA. Urban areas surrounding Cities are
called Urban Agglomeration. Under UA census data for all cities having population
more than 1 lakh was made available.
1 Beggars,
sex workers and eunuchs get place in Census 2011 as other category for the
first time.
1 Facts
about Literacy in India: Ten states and union territories have attained literacy
rate of above 85 per cent. 74% of Indians can now read, write and do basic
mathematical calculations (like adding, subtracting) — that means that 3 out of
every 4 Indians are literate.
1 Interesting
facts about Telecom and Sanitation Facility in India: India has more phones
than toilets. 63.2 per cent households in India now have a telephone/mobile
facility (82 per cent in urban and 54 per cent in rural area.) The penetration
of mobile phone is 59 per cent and landline is 10 per cent, whereas, more than
half of Indian households (some 53.1 per cent) do not have access to basic facility
of a toilet.
1 Facts
about Communication in India: The penetration of computers and laptops in India
is only 9.4 per cent or less than one out of 10 households with only 3 per cent
having internet facility. The penetration of internet is 8 per cent in urban as
compared to less than 1 per cent in rural area. Maharashtra is the biggest Indian
Internet market with 18 %. 47.2 % of Indians own a Television. 19.9 % of Indians
own a Radio/Transistors. 13.42 Million broadband connections (Home and Offices
combined) are in India.
1 Facts
about Possession of Assets in India: Only 18 per cent of households do not have
any of the specified assets — radio, TV, computer/laptop, phones, means of
transportation (bicycle, car/jeep/van, scooter, motorcycle/moped).
1 Facts
about Transport in India: Bicycle
penetration: Household penetration for bicycle inched up marginally from 43.7%
to 44.8%. In urban India the penetration for bicycle actually declined from
46.0% to 41.9%. Among the larger states Uttar Pradesh and Punjab have a
penetration level of 60% plus. Two
Wheeler (Motor) Penetration: Household penetration of two wheelers on an all
India basis increased from 11.7% to 21.0% over the decade 2001-11. Two wheeler
household penetration in rural India increased by more than double i.e., to
14.3%, the growth in urban India was from 24.7% to 35.2%. Above average growth
recorded for Northeastern states and Bihar. Household penetration for passenger
vehicles almost doubled over the decade: Four wheeler penetration jumped from
2.5% to 4.7% over 2001-11. In the urban India it was at 9.7% while in the rural
region it was at 2.3%. High growth was recorded in Rajasthan & Gujarat.
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